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不定式和作主语与比较
■表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词；表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式。如动名词作表语：
Swimming is fun in summer. 夏天游泳是有趣的事。
Swimming in this river is a great pleasure. 在这条河里游泳是件非常快乐的事。
注：有时这种区别并不很严格。但要注意：主语和表语要用同一种形式；平行结构中要用同一种形式。如：
To see is to believe. =Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
Fishing is his favorite hobby, and collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 钓鱼是他的爱好，集邮也给他带来极大的乐趣。
■口语中，陈述句多用不定式作主语，而疑问句却总是用动名词作主语。如：
Is doing morning exercises good for your health? 做早操对你身体有好处吗？
■下列句子中通常用动名词：
It’s no good/use talking to him. 找他谈是没有用的。
It’s useless discussing the matter. 讨论此事无益。
There is no stopping him. 无法阻止他。
No parking! 禁止停车！
■下列句中通常用不定式：
It took us two hours to get there. 去那里我们花了两个小时。
It’s foolish of him to do so. 他这样做是愚蠢的。
It is necessary for us to learn English well. 我们有必要学好英语。
动名词作主语、和表语
1）作主语
Fighting broke out between the South and the North。
南方与北方开战了。
2）作宾语
a。 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V。
+ doing sth
admit 承认 appreciate 感激,赞赏 avoid 避免
complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 prevent阻止
fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟 practise 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resist 抵抗 resume 继续 risk 冒险
suggest 建议 face 面对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续
举例：
(1) Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
(2) The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught。
b。 词组后接doing
admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to be busy look forward to to为介词）
no good, no use, It’s worth…, as well as,
can’t help, It’s no use /good be tired of
be fond of be capable of be afraid of
be proud of think of / about hold off
put off keep on insist on count on / upon
set about be successful in good at take up
give up burst out prevent … from…
3）作表语
Her job is washing，cleaning and taking care of the children。
。